Cite ALE

If you use the ALE in your research, we ask that you please cite the following.

M. G. Bellemare, Y. Naddaf, J. Veness and M. Bowling. The Arcade Learning Environment: An Evaluation Platform for General Agents, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, Volume 47, pages 253-279, 2013.

@Article{bellemare13arcade,
  author = {{Bellemare}, M.~G. and {Naddaf}, Y. and {Veness}, J. and {Bowling}, M.},
  title = {The Arcade Learning Environment: An Evaluation Platform for General Agents},
  journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  year = "2013",
  month = "jun",
  volume = "47",
  pages = "253--279",
}

If you use the ALE with sticky actions (flag repeat_action_probability), or if you use the different game flavours (mode and difficulty switches), we ask you that you also cite the following:

M. C. Machado, M. G. Bellemare, E. Talvitie, J. Veness, M. J. Hausknecht, M. Bowling. Revisiting the Arcade Learning Environment: Evaluation Protocols and Open Problems for General Agents, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, Volume 61, pages 523-562, 2018.

In BibTex format:

@Article{machado18arcade,
  author = {Marlos C. Machado and Marc G. Bellemare and Erik Talvitie and Joel Veness and Matthew J. Hausknecht and Michael Bowling},
  title = {Revisiting the Arcade Learning Environment: Evaluation Protocols and Open Problems for General Agents},
  journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {523--562},
  year = {2018}
}